Atlantic Telegraph Cable Timeline

Atlantic Telegraph Cable Timeline The first telegraph cable to cross the Atlantic Ocean failed after working for a few weeks in 1858. The businessman behind the audacious project, Cyrus Field, was determined to make another attempt, but the Civil War, and numerous financial problems, interceded. Another failed attempt was made in the summer of 1865. And finally, in 1866, a fully functional cable was placed that connected Europe to North America. The two continents have been in constant communication since. The cable stretching thousands of miles under the waves changed the world profoundly, as news no longer took weeks to cross the ocean. The nearly instant movement of news was a huge leap forward for business, and it changed the way Americans and Europeans viewed the news. The following timeline details  major events in the long struggle to transmit telegraphic messages between continents. 1842: During the experimental phase of the telegraph, Samuel Morse placed an underwater cable in New York Harbor and succeeded in sending messages across it. A few years later, Ezra Cornell placed a telegraph cable across the Hudson River from New York City to New Jersey. 1851: A telegraph cable was laid under the English Channel, connecting England and France. January 1854: A British entrepreneur, Frederic Gisborne, who had run into financial problems while trying to place an undersea telegraph cable from Newfoundland to Nova Scotia, happened to meet Cyrus Field, a wealthy businessman and investor in New York City. Gisbornes original idea was to transmit information faster than ever between North America and Europe by employing ships and telegraph cables. The town of St. Johns, on the eastern tip of the island of Newfoundland, is the closest point to Europe in North America. Gisborne envisioned fast boats delivering news from Europe to St. Johns, and the information quickly being relayed, via his underwater cable, from the island to the Canadian mainland and then onward to New York City. While considering whether to invest in Gisbornes Canadian cable, Field looked closely at a globe in his study. He was struck with a far more ambitious thought: a cable should continue eastward from St. Johns, across the Atlantic Ocean, to a peninsula jutting into the ocean from the west coast of Ireland. As   connections were already in place between Ireland and England, news from London could then be relayed to New York City very quickly. May 6, 1854: Cyrus Field, with his neighbor Peter Cooper, a wealthy New York businessman, and other investors,  formed a company to create a telegraphic link between North America and Europe. The Canadian Link 1856: After overcoming many obstacles, a working telegraph line finally reached from St. Johns, on the edge of the Atlantic, to the Canadian mainland. Messages from St. Johns, on the edge of North America, could be relayed to New York City. Summer 1856: An ocean expedition took soundings and determined that a plateau on the ocean floor would provide a suitable surface on which to place a telegraph cable. Cyrus Field, visiting England, organized the Atlantic Telegraph Company and was able to interest British investors to join the American businessmen backing the effort to lay the cable. December 1856: Back in America, Field visited Washington, D.C., and convinced the U.S. government to assist in the laying of the cable. Senator William Seward of New York introduced a bill to provide funding for the cable. It narrowly passed through Congress and was signed into law by President Franklin Pierce on March 3, 1857, on Pierces last day in office. The 1857 Expedition: A Fast Failure Spring 1857: The U.S. Navys largest steam-powered ship, U.S.S. Niagara sailed to England and rendezvoused with a British ship, H.M.S. Agamemnon. Each ship took on 1,300 miles of coiled cable, and a plan was devised for them to lay the cable across the bottom of the sea. The ships would sail together westward from Valentia, on the west coast of Ireland, with the Niagara dropping its length of cable as it sailed. At mid-ocean, the cable dropped from the Niagara would be spliced to to the cable carried on the Agamemnon, which would then play out its cable all the way to Canada. August 6, 1857: The ships left Ireland and began dropping the cable into the ocean. August 10, 1857: The cable aboard the Niagara, which had been transmitting messages back and forth to Ireland as a test, suddenly stopped working. While engineers tried to determine the cause of the problem, a malfunction with the cable-laying machinery on the Niagara snapped the cable. The ships had to return to Ireland, having lost 300 miles of cable at sea. It was decided to try again the following year. The First 1858 Expedition: ANew Plan Met New Problems March 9, 1858: The Niagara sailed from New York to England, where it again stowed cable on board and met up with the Agamemnon. A new plan was for the ships to go to a point mid-ocean, splice together the portions of cable they each carried, and then sail apart as they lowered cable down to the ocean floor. June 10, 1858: The two cable-carrying ships, and a small fleet of escorts, sailed out from England. They encounter ferocious storms, which caused very difficult sailing for ships carrying the enormous weight of cable, but all survived intact. June 26, 1858: The cables on Niagara and Agamemnon were spliced together, and the operation of placing the cable began. Problems were encountered almost immediately. June 29, 1858: After three days of continuous difficulties, a break in the cable made the expedition halt and head back to England. The Second 1858 Expedition: Success Followed By Failure July 17, 1858: The ships left Cork, Ireland, to make another attempt, utilizing essentially the same plan.   July 29, 1858: At mid-ocean, the cables were spliced and Niagara and Agamemnon began steaming in opposite directions, dropping the cable between them. The two ships were able to communicate back and forth via the cable, which served as a test that all was functioning well. August 2, 1858: The Agamemnon reached Valentia harbor on the west coast of Ireland and the cable was brought ashore. August 5, 1858: The Niagara reached St. Johns, Newfoundland, and the cable was connected to the land station. A message was telegraphed to newspapers in New York alerting them of the news. The message stated that the cable crossing the ocean was 1,950 statue miles long. Celebrations broke out in New York City, Boston, and other American cities. A New York Times headline declared the new cable The Great Event of The Age. A congratulatory message was sent across the cable from Queen Victoria to President James Buchanan. When the message was relayed to Washington, American officials  at first believed the message from the British monarch to be a hoax. September 1, 1858: The cable, which had been operating for four weeks, began failing. A problem with the electrical mechanism that powered the cable proved fatal, and the cable stopped working entirely. Many in the public believed it had all been a hoax. The 1865 Expedition: New Technology, New Problems Continued attempts to lay a working cable were suspended due to a lack of funds. And the outbreak of the Civil War made the entire project impractical. The telegraph played an important role in the war, and President Lincoln used the telegraph extensively to communicate with commanders. But extending cables to another continent was far from a wartime priority. As the war was coming to an end, and Cyrus Field was able to get financial problems under control, preparations began for another expedition, this time using one enormous ship, the Great Eastern. The ship, which had been designed and built by the great Victorian engineer Isambard Brunel, had become unprofitable to operate. But its vast size made it perfect for storing and laying telegraph cable. The cable to be laid in 1865 was made with higher specifications than the 1857-58 cable. And the process of putting the cable aboard ship was greatly improved, as it was suspected that rough handling on the ships had weakened the earlier cable. The painstaking work of spooling the cable on the Great Eastern was a source of fascination for the public, and illustrations of it appeared in popular periodicals. July 15, 1865: The Great Eastern sailed from England on its mission to place the new cable. July 23, 1865: After one end of the cable was fashioned to a land station on the west coast of Ireland, the Great Eastern began to sail westward while dropping the cable. August 2, 1865: A problem with the cable necessitated repairs, and the cable broke and was lost on the sea floor. Several attempts to retrieve the cable with a grappling hook failed. August 11, 1865: Frustrated by all attempts to raise the sunken and severed cable, the Great Eastern began to steam back to England. Attempts to place the cable that year were suspended. The Successful 1866 Expedition: June 30, 1866:  The Great Eastern steamed from England with new cable aboard. July 13, 1866:  Defying superstition, on a Friday the 13th the fifth attempt since 1857 to lay the cable began. And this time the attempt to connect the continents encountered very few problems. July 18, 1866: In the only serious problem encountered on the expedition, a tangle in the cable had to be sorted out. The process took about two hours and was successful. July 27, 1866: The Great Eastern reached the shore of Canada, and the cable was brought ashore. July 28, 1866: The cable was proven successful and congratulatory messages began to travel across it. This time the connection between Europe and North America remained steady, and the two continents have been in contact, via undersea cables, to the present day. After successfully laying the 1866 cable, the expedition then located, and repaired, the cable lost in 1865. The two working cables began to change the world, and over the following decades more cables crossed the Atlantic as well as other vast bodies of water. After a decade of frustration the era of instant communication had arrived.

21 Awesome Email Marketing Examples To Inspire Your Own

21 Awesome Email Marketing Examples To Inspire Your Own If you’ve worked in marketing long enough, you’ve probably been asked one of these questions: â€Å"Before we move forward, do you have an example of this working for another brand?† â€Å"Can you show me how our work compares to other companies?† â€Å"Did you research any examples before putting this together?† Odds are one of those questions might have sent you back to the drawing point. At that point, you probably asked yourself one of the following, too: â€Å"I wonder how other companies do this?† â€Å"It’d be cool if I could see some samples for this from another brand. If only †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Is our tactical execution keeping pace with the industry?† And that’s why you’re here. You’re an email marketer, and you need examples to follow. That includes: Newsletter designs to inspire your own. Crafty copy that’ll help spark your creative genius. Technical concepts that make you wonder, â€Å"Why didn’t I think of that?† You’ll find all that here, plus a smattering of templates to help you act on your inspiration. Get Inspired Now With 21 Examples of Awesome Email Marketing From @Get Inspired With 21 Awesome Examples then execute your own email marketing better with these free templates: Email Marketing Calendar: Plan your work, then work your plan! Stop wondering when each email will send and start using a calendar. Email Newsletter Template: Streamline your email copywriting process. Welcome Email Newsletter Template: Write better welcome emails for new subscribers with this simple template. And if you’re searching for tools to help organize and execute better email marketing, get started with . It’s the ultimate all-in-one marketing management platform for planning and executing everything you need to get done. Plus, it integrates with key email service providers like MailChimp, ActiveCampaign, Constant Contact, and Campaign Monitor, so your marketing team can have full visibility of every email you deliver on one comprehensive marketing calendar. Or, start a free 14-day trial. Did you know you can manage email #marketing with @?What Will These Examples Demonstrate? Before digging into each example newsletter below, here’s what each will be evaluated on: Who sent this email?  There’s a mix of major brands, media companies, bloggers, and more. What makes it work?  From design to copy and beyond, each one offers at least one takeaway you can act on. How can you emulate it?  Quick tips and links to external resources to help you implement what you learn. Table of Contents: Sample Emails From 21 Brands You Know Nike Threadless Webpage FX Hotjar Siege Media Nintendo The Verge Think With Google Starbucks Humble Bundle Lifehacker LeadPages Zapier Trello Copyblogger Bonjoro Bird Dogs Mozilla Book Riot Microsoft AdobeSample Emails From 21 Brands You Know 1. Nike This seasonal email from Nike is just in time for summer. The design is simple, the copy is minimal, and overall, it gets right to the point. The CTA buttons prioritize the Men’s section (likely based on my demographic info when I joined their list), but were I shopping for family (say, kids), those options are presented, too. With its sand-like background color, it also invokes beach imagery. How to Emulate This Example Visually, this email relies on sharp photography and creative product layout. That, combined with concise copy, leads to a crisp and uncluttered design that keeps the focus on the product. Here’s what you’ll need: High-quality product photography. If you have a photographer on staff, you’re golden. Otherwise, investing in a DSLR  and learning the basics of photo composition  may help. Understand how to use list segmentation. And send emails with the most optimal CTA to different segments. For example, another version of this email could have been sent to women. For such a simple email, there’s a little bit more happening here than it appears. Check out this great #email #marketing example from @Nike 2. Threadless Creative clothing and decor retailer Threadless has a strong visual brand. That comes across in their email marketing. This email starts with striking imagery and an intriguing value proposition (new designs). It doesn’t waste time providing the CTA button to check them out, either. Beneath that, a giveaway offer smartly shows how their prize products might look in a living space. The â€Å"Last Chance!† copy helps build some urgency, too. The next content section shows how their shirt looks on someone actually wearing it. Plus, it incorporates a quote from the artist who designed it. This last portion at the bottom includes something creative that’s easy to miss, too. Instead of generic â€Å"UPDATE YOUR EMAIL PREFERENCES† copy, it reads â€Å"GET BETTER EMAILS.† That puts the recipient first and offers a benefit rather than a command. How to Emulate This Example Threadless has exceptional visual design. Even if your company doesn’t, there are still a few things you can take away from this. Infuse your copy with urgency. This guide from Copyblogger  will help you there. Use benefit-driven CTAs. Copy like â€Å"Shop Now† and â€Å"Enter Here† are clear and simple. If there are ways to more directly sell a benefit, though, consider experimenting. Include quotes. People love ‘em. They can also help add visual interest to your copy (particularly if you don’t have access to top-quality design). @threadless nailed this awesome #marketing email. Check it out via @ 3. Webpage FX This Pennsylvania-based agency sometimes sends emails that are written like full blog posts. Ordinarily, you might think this goes against best practice, because no one will read the post on your site if they can get it in their email. But, is that a problem as long as they’re getting your content? That appears to be the logic here, because instead of sending readers somewhere else to read, they smartly link out to a call to action (turning three clicks from email to blog to CTA down to just two, from the email to a landing page). In-line images even use directional markup like they would in a blog post: Then, once they have the reader hooked, they let them know, â€Å"Hey, our agency can help you execute this.† It’s a great example of offering enough information to be helpful, but leaving enough out to where one might want some assistance. How to Emulate This Example This is simple: Write your email like a typical how-to blog post. You can get help on that here. Then, drop a relevant and high-value call-to-action into your content. Here’s what you need to know about writing compelling CTAs. Effectively, instead of using email to get blog traffic, you’re creating the same content and cutting out a step between the reader getting to your site and actually converting. That’s smart. Check out this creative email #marketing format from @webpagefx 4. Hotjar Plain text doesn’t have to be plain. This example from Hot Jar uses appealing fonts and color coordination to make a simple email promoting a podcast episode look great. Below, they tempt listeners to click with a free t-shirt offer (and use some simple visual styling to make things look a little more interesting): David’s mugshot even uses a color filter effect to make it stand out. How to Emulate This Example There’s not much to this one but it works exceptionally well. Even if you’re not a design wizard, you can still make your plain text emails look anything but boring. Pick two or three colors to use. Ideally, ones your brand already uses. You can learn all about color psychology in marketing (and snag a free HEX color chart) here. Use the HEX color codes in the post linked above to pick colors you know will look good together. Never mind if you think you have an eye for what looks good. That post will keep you on the right track. Then, when creating an email in your email platform, use those colors on your buttons and background styling. This #email campaign from @hotjar sets a great example to follow: 5. Siege Media Here’s another example of an awesome plain text email. It keeps things skimmable by using single-sentence paragraphs and getting right to the point (this especially makes reading on small phone screens easier). How to Emulate This Example This is even more simple than the Hot Jar example before. Simply use a color that’s used in your logo or branding, and adjust the color of your link highlighting and buttons in your email service provider. Keep your copy tight and concise, and you might be surprised how much better your email looks. This email #marketing example from @siegemedia shows plain-text doesn't have to be boring 6. Nintendo This email from Nintendo makes creative use of an embedded GIF. Not only does it look cool, but it ties in well with the Nintendo Labo’s marketing tagline: Directly beneath that is a CTA with a cardboard-like texture, invoking the Labo’s cardboard design: Next, it shows off some things that can be created with the Labo: The last call-to-action is for a contest that plays off creativity and gets the reader engaged: How to Emulate This Example You might not have the brand recognition of Nintendo. But, don’t let that stop you from turning this awesome email into actionable inspiration: Experiment with GIF email headers. GIF Maker from GIPHY  is a great free tool for doing this the easy way. This guide from Lifehacker  offers more options, from free to Photoshop. Incorporate visual elements from your product in your email design. The Labo is a cardboard kit that can be turned into all kinds of different devices. So, the email uses a cardboard-like backdrop texture. Think about what colors or textures your product invokes and collaborate with a designer to incorporate them. BRB, I need to order a Labo now. Want to do #email #marketing like @NintendoAmerica? Get started with some inspiration here: 7. The Verge Here’s another example of plain text being anything but plain. By using a stylish yet understated header, an interesting font that fits their tech-centric aesthetic, and a little bit of color (borrowing the pink shade from their visual identity system), the Verge makes their daily email update look awesome. How to Emulate this Example There are a few things going on here that can easily be replicated: Use a consistent header graphic: Try creating one with Canva or work with your design team to create something simple. Change your linked text color: Make it match your branding. Keep your copy conversational. Rather than just blast out links, each edition of their newsletter opens with a light and conversational intro. Here's how to make roundup #email newsletters more interesting like @verge 8. Think With Google As this email from Google demonstrates, sometimes less is more. If you have something specific to share, sometimes focusing on that one thing is the way to go, rather than weighing down your email with extraneous content. How to Emulate This Example If you have something important to share, or something that’s a priority to drive traffic toward, send a simple email promoting nothing else but that one thing. One headline, four sentences, and a button should be all you need. How does @ThinkwithGoogle keep #marketing emails simple yet compelling? 9. Starbucks Welcome emails don’t have to be complicated to be effective. This one from Starbucks is visually appealing and clearly communicates when the recipient can expect. How to Emulate This Example If you don’t have welcome emails set up for new subscribers (whether a single message or a conversion-optimized email flow), create one. Get started with Scott Cohen’s guide. Check out this simple yet effective #email #marketing example from Starbucks (plus 20 other brands) 10. Humble Bundle You might have an awesome offer that your audience wants to act on, but just not right now. This example from entertainment media subscription service Humble Bundle gives recipients the option to be reminded about the offer, rather than having to take action right away. Clicking the Remind Me link directs users to the same landing page as the offer button on the left, but prompts this pop-up: Clicking the link ensures you’ll get a follow-up email. How to Emulate This Example Create a call-to-action that’ll either send your email again at a later date (before the offer expires) or adds recipients to a list segment to receive a reminder. Here’s how to use click segmentation in each of four popular ESPs: Constant Contact MailChimp Campaign Monitor Active Campaign This is a bit of a complex process, but essentially, you want to get someone who clicks that button to get added to a segment that will send them a reminder email. If you have an automation expert at your company, work with them to get this set up. How can you use email reminders like this example from Humble Bundle? 11. Lifehacker Email newsletters often link out to multiple articles in a straight line. Lifehacker breaks theirs up using content blocks of various sizes to make it more visually interesting. Note the block for sponsored content here, too: How to Emulate This Example This is as simple as creating a newsletter design that uses content blocks of differing sizes. Don’t go too overboard, but starting with a single column width for your most important content, then including ads, sponsored content, related link, and other content in smaller boxes beneath that is a good start. Limit yourself to two or three different formats. Check out this #email newsletter example from Lifehacker (and 20 other brands) 12. LeadPages The best email marketing often feels like a conversation. This copy from LeadPages nails it. The message opens with a relatable anecdote, then leads into what the email is all about. How to Emulate This Example Write your copy as if you’re talking to an actual person. If you’re struggling to break the grasp of corporate-speak from your copy, start with this great guide from Copyblogger. How can you make email copy more conversational? Follow this example from LeadPages 13. Zapier Want to get people to open an email? Imply they might have a problem they’re unaware of, then offer a solution. This email from Zapier uses a little bit of empathy to soften the blow, too, relating the fact that the writer themself struggles with that same problem. Nobody wants to feel like they’re the only one. How to Emulate This Example This email follows the classic Problem-Agitate-Solve (PAS) copywriting formula: Problem: Identify something your audience struggles with. Agitate: Remind them of how much that problem is a pain. Solve: Promise a solution. That’s it. From the headline to the CTA button, this email moves through all three stages concisely. How can empathy make email more engaging? Check out this example from @zapier 14. Trello CTA button copy like â€Å"Read More† and â€Å"Click Here† are common and, well, boring. This email from Trello uses much better action-driven copy that’s unique and relevant. How to Emulate This Example Avoid the temptation to write boring button copy and think of something more interesting. But, don’t jump to something creative for creativity’s sake. Make sure you’re asking people to do something relevant to the task at hand. For example, if you were writing a button to drive email signups, instead of â€Å"Signup Here,† you could try something like â€Å"Be Smarter† or â€Å"Learn Our Secrets.† Something that implies a benefit for the recipient. How does @trello make email button copy more compelling? Check out this example: 15. Copyblogger This email from Copyblogger mixes up different types of content to hook readers in and give them what they want. It opens with a nice conversational intro: Followed by a clean and crisp CTA: And additional content blocks with new and related articles: Note that the button copy encourages engagement by asking recipients to comment in addition to reading. How to Emulate This Example Follow this email content format: Conversational lead story. This is the piece your subject line should promote. A relevant call-to-action. See if you get more conversions placing it near the middle of your email. Related content. This can be a mix of your own content, or curated sources. Together, each of these elements: Hooks the reader in with casual and conversational copy. Includes a CTA in the middle of the email, where they’re more likely to see it, rather than near the end. Includes tons of relevant content, so the reader is more likely to find something they’re interested in, even if the lead story doesn’t hook their interest. How can marketers format emails like @copyblogger? Check out this example (plus see samples from 20... 16. Bonjoro Bonjoro does a great job of giving their emails personality. The copy is brisk, light, and conversational. Their graphics are well-designed and aren’t afraid to have a little fun. It’s all understated yet crisp, dabbling in humor without going overboard. Check out this header and intro copy: Followed up with an embedded video: And a graphic that works in some nice Mario fireballs and fun copy: This is great because it shows off the company’s quirks while sharing valuable info. How to Emulate This Example Let your company’s personality shine through in your email copy. Whether that’s light and fun, or authoritative and serious, make your emails sound like who you are. This video from Pixel Ink does a great job explaining how to understand brand tone and voice: And this video guide from Copyhackers  explains how to edit email for tone and voice well. How can you infuse personality into your email newsletter copy? Check out this example from Bonjoro... 17. Bird Dogs Men’s shorts company Bird Dogs aren’t afraid of getting NSFW. Not an approach that works for everyone, but works extremely well for reaching their audience. Here’s a fairly tame example of their sense of humor: And their creative approach to product naming conventions: How to Emulate This Example Shorts aren’t the first thing most people think of when they think about †¦ well, anything, ever. Unless you’re getting dressed for a summer day, most of us don’t care that much about shorts. So, if you have a product that’s mostly utilitarian, or just something that’s not super jump-off-the-screen exciting, make it not boring. That can be as simple as writing loose copy that feels like it came from a real person, to making full-blown comedy what you stake your brand on (you need to be good if you’re going to go this route). How can email marketing make ordinary product categories more interesting? See how Bird Dogs does... 18. Mozilla If you subscribe to lots of email newsletters (and most marketers probably do), it can easy to forget who or what exactly some things are that end up in your inbox. While Mozilla is extremely recognizable, you might not be familiar with their IRL Podcast. So, they smartly include explainer boilerplate copy at the end of their email promoting each episode, reminding you what this specific thing from Mozilla is all about: How to Emulate This Example If you send emails to promote a recurring content series (like a podcast, YouTube show, or something else), include something at the end reminding recipients what it’s all about. This will help build awareness around your series or show and help people separate those emails from your other newsletters, offers, and general email content. People get a lot of email. How do you remind them who you are (in case they might have forgotten)? 19. Book Riot Book Riot packs a ton of information and value into their events newsletter. The intro copy is fairly standard: Followed by some sponsored content (an easy way to monetize your list): After that is an extensive listing of book-related events: Including more events for touring authors: Plus events that are upcoming: The way they keep this all from getting too repetitive is to break up the formatting in each section. Each one looks distinct, and the events are listed in order of priority. Then, at the end is a well-designed CTA graphic: Overall, this packs tons of content into a well laid out newsletter. How to Emulate This Example You can cram a lot of content into an email newsletter without it feeling like too much, as long as the visual layout is broken up to be easily skimmable. Organize content into groups and give each section its own formatting style. How can you make long email newsletters easily skimmable? Follow this example from Book Riot 20. Microsoft Want to get people engaged with your email? Make it fun and interactive. That’s exactly what Microsoft does with its rewards quiz emails. Each email features quizzes around a different theme, giving recipients a chance to earn Microsoft Rewards points they can redeem for prizes, coupons, offers, and more. After the opening question (which typically features some striking photography) there are a few more chances to win points, too: How to Emulate This Example Many email service providers integrate with quiz platforms that make creating newsletters like this easy. If you’re a MailChimp customer, consider using Fyrebox: Change up your emails with quizzes. Here's how Microsoft does it (and you can, too) 21. Adobe What if you have different tiers of customers who might be interested in similar yet different products from you? One option is to include two CTAs side-by-side and let them choose which offer is most interesting. In this example from Adobe, there are two different versions of Photoshop with identical pricing, but with different feature sets aimed at different needs. How to Emulate This Example Try offering two similar yet different products in one email to the same audience. This can help identify which is more popular, or just increase conversions by giving recipients a choice in which product to go with (rather than deciding the offer they got didn’t fit their needs).